Creatinine is a key indicator of kidney health. When your kidneys are working well, they keep your blood creatinine levels within a normal range. If the kidneys aren't functioning properly, creatinine levels can rise. By comparing blood and urine levels of creatinine, doctors can measure how well the kidneys are working. When this measure, known as creatinine clearance, drops to around 10-12 cc/minute, it usually means dialysis is needed to help the kidneys filter waste effectively.
In case the creatinine level is high it signifies impaired kidney function or disease.
In case the kidney is not performing properly for any reason, it is for this purpose, standard blood tests routinely check the amount of creatinine in the blood. Extremely high levels of creatinine in the blood signify the problem related to the kidney. The clearance of creatinine can be measured in two ways. It can be calculated based on a formula using serum (blood) creatinine level, patient’s weight, and age. Creatinine clearance can be measured directly as well. It is done by collecting a 24-hour urine sample and then drawing the blood sample. After this, the level of creatinine, in both urine and blood is taken for comparison.
Recently study found elevated creatinine levels in infants. It was associated with bacteremia. On the other hand in adult males, it has been linked to an increased risk of prostate cancer.
A person’s glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is used for measuring how well the kidney is filtering wastes through the blood. GFR is calculated from a routine measurement of creatinine in the blood. The result is termed as estimated GFR (eGFR). Creatinine is a waste product. It is formed by the normal breakdown of muscle cells. Healthy kidneys extract creatinine from the blood and put it back into the urine to leave the body. In case the kidney is not performing well, creatinine will be building up in the blood.
In a normal scenario, the levels of creatinine in the blood are usually 0.6 to 1.2 milligrams (mg) per deciliter (dL) in males. On the other hand, it is 0.5 to 1.1 milligrams per deciliter in adult females.
A person having a single kidney may have a normal level of about 1.8 or 1.9. In case Creatinine level increases 2.0 or more in babies and 5.0 or more in adults severe kidney issue is signified from it. There is a need for a dialysis machine to remove wastes from the blood. It is based upon several considerations including the BUN, creatinine level, potassium level, and amount of fluid which the patient is retaining.
Any condition impairing the function of the kidneys is most likely to raise the level of creatinine in the blood. It is important for recognizing if the process which leads to kidney dysfunction (kidney failure, azotemia) longstanding or recent. Recent elevations can be even more easily treated.
Serum creatinine can also spike increase after ingestion of a large amount of dietary meat. Hence, nutrition can sometimes play an important role in creatinine measurement. Kidney infections, rhabdomyolysis (abnormal muscle breakdown), and urinary tract obstruction may also lead to an increase in creatinine levels.
Muscular young or middle-aged adults can also have creatinine in the blood. Elderly persons might have less creatinine in the blood than normal people. Infants have normal levels of nearly 0.2 or more, based on muscle growth.
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